Octreotide

Octreotide (Sandostatin) is a synthetic somatostatin analog FDA-approved for acromegaly, carcinoid tumors, and VIPomas. It inhibits growth hormone and various GI hormones.

Mechanism of Action

Binds to somatostatin receptors (primarily SSTR2 and SSTR5) to inhibit GH, glucagon, insulin, and gastric secretions. Reduces blood flow to GI tract and inhibits tumor hormone secretion.

Typical Dosage (Research)

Varies by indication. Acromegaly: 50-100mcg three times daily initially, up to 500mcg TID. LAR (long-acting): 20-30mg IM every 4 weeks.

Subcutaneous injection for immediate-release (between meals). Intramuscular for LAR depot form. Requires monitoring of gallbladder, glucose, and thyroid.

Side Effects & Risks

GI effects (diarrhea, nausea, abdominal pain), gallstones (up to 25% of long-term users), injection site reactions, and blood glucose changes.

High gallstone risk with chronic use. May cause or worsen hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia. Cardiac conduction abnormalities possible.

Who Uses Octreotide

Acromegaly patients, those with neuroendocrine tumors, individuals with hormone-secreting tumors.