P21

P21 is a synthetic peptide derived from Cerebrolysin, specifically designed to mimic the neurotrophic effects of the parent compound. It promotes neurogenesis and has shown cognitive-enhancing properties in research.

Mechanism of Action

Inhibits glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) and activates CREB signaling pathway. This promotes BDNF expression, neurogenesis in the hippocampus, and synaptic plasticity.

Typical Dosage (Research)

Research protocols typically use 1-5mg administered intranasally or subcutaneously. Often used in cycles of 2-4 weeks.

Can be administered intranasally for direct CNS access or subcutaneously. Best used cyclically rather than continuously.

Side Effects & Risks

Limited data. Reported effects include mild headache, temporary brain fog during initial use, and fatigue.

Very limited human research. Long-term effects unknown. Theoretical concerns about effects on cell proliferation pathways.

Who Uses P21

Researchers, advanced nootropic users, those seeking neurogenesis support.