P21 vs Alpha-Defensin
A detailed comparison to help you understand the differences and choose the right peptide for your research goals.
P21
P21 is a synthetic peptide derived from Cerebrolysin, specifically designed to mimic the neurotrophic effects of the parent compound. It promotes neurogenesis and has shown cognitive-enhancing properties in research.
Full details →Alpha-Defensin
Alpha-defensins are small cationic peptides that are key components of the innate immune system. They have broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against bacteria, fungi, and some viruses.
Full details →Side-by-Side Comparison
| Aspect | P21 | Alpha-Defensin |
|---|---|---|
| Mechanism | Inhibits glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) and activates CREB signaling pathway. This promotes BDNF expression, neurogenesis in the hippocampus, and synaptic plasticity. | Insert into microbial membranes to form pores, leading to cell death. Also have immunomodulatory effects including chemotaxis of immune cells and cytokine modulation. |
| Typical Dosage | Research protocols typically use 1-5mg administered intranasally or subcutaneously. Often used in cycles of 2-4 weeks. | Research compound - dosing varies by application. Typically studied in laboratory and early clinical research settings rather than for general use. |
| Administration | Can be administered intranasally for direct CNS access or subcutaneously. Best used cyclically rather than continuously. | Various routes studied including topical, local injection, and systemic administration depending on application. |
| Side Effects | Limited data. Reported effects include mild headache, temporary brain fog during initial use, and fatigue. | Limited human use data. May cause local inflammation. Potential for immune activation effects. |
| Best For |