Thymosin Alpha-1 vs SS-31 (Elamipretide)

A detailed comparison to help you understand the differences and choose the right peptide for your research goals.

Thymosin Alpha-1

Thymosin Alpha-1 is a peptide naturally produced by the thymus gland that plays a crucial role in immune system modulation. It is approved in over 35 countries for various conditions including hepatitis B and C.

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SS-31 (Elamipretide)

SS-31, also known as Elamipretide or Bendavia, is a mitochondria-targeted tetrapeptide. It has been studied extensively for mitochondrial diseases, heart failure, and age-related decline in mitochondrial function.

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Side-by-Side Comparison

AspectThymosin Alpha-1SS-31 (Elamipretide)
MechanismEnhances T-cell function and maturation, stimulates dendritic cell activity, and modulates cytokine production. Promotes the differentiation of stem cells into mature T lymphocytes.Concentrates in the inner mitochondrial membrane where it binds to cardiolipin, stabilizing electron transport chain function, reducing reactive oxygen species, and improving ATP production efficiency.
Typical DosageClinical dosing typically ranges from 1.6mg to 6.4mg administered subcutaneously 2-3 times weekly. Research protocols may vary.Clinical trials have used IV infusions of 0.25mg/kg for acute conditions. Subcutaneous dosing protocols for research use typically range from 1-5mg daily.
AdministrationSubcutaneous injection. Often used in cycles or as part of comprehensive immune support protocols.Can be administered IV or subcutaneously. Most clinical research has used IV administration for cardiac conditions.
Side EffectsGenerally well-tolerated. Rare side effects include injection site reactions, mild flu-like symptoms, and temporary fatigue.Generally well-tolerated. Clinical trials reported injection site reactions and occasional headache.
Best For

What They Have in Common

Both Thymosin Alpha-1 and SS-31 (Elamipretide) are commonly used for:

Key Differences

Unique to Thymosin Alpha-1:

Unique to SS-31 (Elamipretide):

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