Thymosin Alpha-1 vs P21
A detailed comparison to help you understand the differences and choose the right peptide for your research goals.
Thymosin Alpha-1
Thymosin Alpha-1 is a peptide naturally produced by the thymus gland that plays a crucial role in immune system modulation. It is approved in over 35 countries for various conditions including hepatitis B and C.
Full details →P21
P21 is a synthetic peptide derived from Cerebrolysin, specifically designed to mimic the neurotrophic effects of the parent compound. It promotes neurogenesis and has shown cognitive-enhancing properties in research.
Full details →Side-by-Side Comparison
| Aspect | Thymosin Alpha-1 | P21 |
|---|---|---|
| Mechanism | Enhances T-cell function and maturation, stimulates dendritic cell activity, and modulates cytokine production. Promotes the differentiation of stem cells into mature T lymphocytes. | Inhibits glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) and activates CREB signaling pathway. This promotes BDNF expression, neurogenesis in the hippocampus, and synaptic plasticity. |
| Typical Dosage | Clinical dosing typically ranges from 1.6mg to 6.4mg administered subcutaneously 2-3 times weekly. Research protocols may vary. | Research protocols typically use 1-5mg administered intranasally or subcutaneously. Often used in cycles of 2-4 weeks. |
| Administration | Subcutaneous injection. Often used in cycles or as part of comprehensive immune support protocols. | Can be administered intranasally for direct CNS access or subcutaneously. Best used cyclically rather than continuously. |
| Side Effects | Generally well-tolerated. Rare side effects include injection site reactions, mild flu-like symptoms, and temporary fatigue. | Limited data. Reported effects include mild headache, temporary brain fog during initial use, and fatigue. |
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